Biografy


Cornelis Vreeswijk is born August 8, 1937 in the town IJmuiden, The Netherlands. In 1949 he and his family emigrate to Sweden, where his father founds his own cab driving company in Stockholm. Soon after he moves there Cornelis is frantically studying the Swedish language. Each day after school he can be found reading in the public library. Afterwards Vreeswijk, talking with the Dutch journalist Peter Verschoor, reveals that his urge to learn Swedish had everything to do with a humiliating experience at school. While reading out loud in class he pronounced the word "vitamine" in Dutch which made the class break out in laughter for minutes. But how was he to know that his pronunciation of the word "vitamine" had nothing to do with the organic substances found in food but was equivalent to female genitalia?
 
Discovered in Sweden, 1964

After finishing secondary school he studies at the academy of dramatic art. He also spends some time studying at the academy of social sciences. However his mind is set on music. As a student he meets the well known Swedish folk singer Fred Åkerström. Vreeswijk asks him if he is interested in buying some of the songs he has written. Åkerström is curious enough to invite Vreeswijk aand give him the opportunity to play some of his songs for him. The producer who is present is so impressed by his original voice that he offers him a record deal. The album is released in 1964 and is titled Ballader och oförskämdheter, which means something like ‘ballads and rudities’. No understatement! The album has an enormous impact and many Swedes are shocked by Vreeswijks' unconventional lyrics that range over whores, bums and the back side of the well organized Swedish society situations. On top of that he ridicules politicians and the church without mercy. That comes as quite a surprise to the respectable Swedish people.

Famous and controversial

All copies are sold out in no time and his career is firmly launched. His next album releases are a success. One of his biggest hits ‘Brev från kolonien’ (letter from camp) tells the story of a boy on summer camp writing a cheerful letter home about what is going on at night. E.g. setting the camp leaders' tent on fire. (Based on an original by a certain Pucinetti.) This songs starts a small scandal. Worried parents take the song too literally and refuse to send their children to summer camp any longer. This is not the only time Vreeswijk upsets the paternalistic Swedish society of the sixties. Radio and television stations regard most of his songs unsuitable for broadcasting and mark them with the dreaded yellow skull adhesives to point out they have a bad influence on youngsters. In the announcements of other songs the dj's clearly state that the audience should not take notice of the meaning of the lyrics. Vreeswijk reacts to this by prohibiting the public broadcast of his records. At that time his stardom has already risen to the extend that his record sales hardly drop.

Initial success in The Netherlands, 1966-1972

Early 1966 Vreeswijk is invited to the Netherlands by the Vara (tv). Along with some new material he plays some Dutch translations of his Swedish songs on television. Shortly after that a single is released called ‘De nozem en de non’ (the teddy boy and the nun) but without any commercial success. Although Vreeswijk holds the lack of succes against the producer, he also draws the conclusion that Holland is not interested in his music. It will take six years to change his mind and the next release in The Netherlands will only be after 10 album releases in Sweden. His first (untitled) Dutch album release, containing songs like ‘Veronica’, ‘De Nozem en de non’ (the teddy boy and the nun) and ‘Misschien wordt 't morgen beter’ (it could be better tomorrow), is an instant success. The independent radio station Veronica supports the track with the same title and in the summer of 1972 the song ranks high on the charts. Even the reprise of ‘Nozem en de non’ is well accepted by the Dutch record buyers. This is followed by a successful Dutch tour in the fall of 1972. And then he is off again to Sweden to record some new material. The debut album Cornelis Vreeswijk achieves the platinum record status in The Netherlands (awarded for a 100,000 copies sold).
 

Success does not last, 1972-1982

The 1973 allbum release, titled ‘Leven en laten leven’ (live and let live), contains songs like ‘Liedje voor Linnea’ (song for Linnea), ‘Morgenpsalm’ (morning psalm) and ‘De bekommerde socialist’ (the worried socialist). The album is received well but the record sales far from equal those of his debut. In 1974 Vreeswijk returns to The Netherlands to promote his third Dutch album 'Liedjes voor de Pijpendraaier en mijn Zoetelief' (songs for the piper and my sweetheart). Some tracks on this lp are: ‘Teddybeer’ (teddy bear), ‘Marjolijn’, ‘Kleurenblind’ (colorblind), ‘Ik wil ‘t niet pikken’ (I don't want to take it) and the Bellman-translation ‘Epistel 81’. The Album is hardly successful in The Netherlands, just like its successors 'Foto’s en een souvenir' (photographs and a souvenir) (1976) and 'Het recht om in vrede te leven' (the right to live in peace) (1978). The first of the above mentioned albums contains Dutch translations of Jim Croce songs, the latter translations of the songs from Victor Jara, the folk singer from Chili who was murdered during the 1973 coup by Pinochet. It is hard to point out why the record sales are this disappointing. Fact is that in the meanwhile the problems in his private life are piling up. He divorces from his wife and he has a serious drinking problem. Not before 1982 a refined Vreeswijk will again record in Dutch. 'Ballades van de Gewapende Bedelaar' (Ballads by the armed beggar) is according to many his best Dutch album ever, with songs like ‘Is er nog plaats in de schuilkelder’ (is there still room in the underground shelter), ‘De dolfijnen’ (the dolphins), ‘De capucijnersamba’ (the marrowfat samba) and ‘Persoonlijke Peter’ (personal Peter). In this album Vreeswijk simultaneously expresses his musical and poetical talents and his great sense of humor. But in 1982 he is only remembered as someone from 1972 who once sung the story of a teddy boy and a nun. And in the early eighties there are no longer teddy boys in The Netherlands and nuns are getting scarce.

The End, 1987

The star Vreeswijk in Sweden never fades. He has a great many loyal fans. In the consecutive years they are treated on a new album once a year and with every release his lyrics cut deeper into the heart. He also starts to publish poems. On the other hand there still are many Swedes that do not appreciate what this bearded minstrel is producing. The subtle way he ridicules and criticizes the Swedish society and his erotic lyrics do not comply with the accepted norms and rules. Critics and journalists spend little time discussing the quality of his products but write lengthy articles about his turbulent private life instead. And it must be admitted that there are plenty of events to be described. Booze, women, taxes and the strong arm of the law are the story of his life. In the early eighties however he seems to have dealt with most of his problems. Some new albums are released with modern arrangements of his earlier recordings. A new and young Swedish audience is getting interested in Vreeswijk. Then in 1985 the fatal diagnosis of a cancer in the liver comes across his path. During the last few months of his life he puts all his effort in finishing a final album 'Till Fatumeh', again with new arrangements of old material, as a goodbye to his fans. Sadly enough, due to financial circumstances, he has to change hospital a few weeks before his death. On November 12, 1987 he dies, almost bankrupt, at the age of fifty.

  His heritage
  Should he have lived he probably would not have had any more financial problems. After his death Vreeswijk is more popular in his resident country than he ever was before. A foundation looks after his legacy and royalties. There are movies about his life. In the Mosebacke theater an annual Vreeswijk musical festival is held. Well known Swedish artists play his songs there and tickets are sold out day after day. Nearly every year a cd-album with previously unissued songs is released. Stockholm owns a Vreeswijk park and presently the community council is negotiating about the erection of a Vreeswijk statue. Sweden is proud of this Dutch Swede. Like the literature critic Bengt Holmqvist once said: ‘since Rembrandt Vreeswijk is the best Holland ever gave us.'

The Netherlands Too

Even in The Netherlands there seems to be a Vreeswijk revival. On November 12, 1999 in Utrecht the first Cornelis Vreeswijk Music Night turned out to be a well visited meeting. The Cornelis Vreeswijk Association to be was introduced to the fans with the aim to keep the memory of Vreeswijk vivid. On May 27, 2000 a second meeting was held and the Association was officially founded.

Click here for info and membership